Sexual Violence and Misconduct Definitions
Sexual Violence and Misconduct
Any misconduct of a sexual nature – physical or psychological – that is committed, threatened, or attempted against a person without the person’s consent, and includes, but is not limited to:
a) sexual assault
b) sexual exploitation
c) sexual harassment
d) stalking
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Sexual Assault
Any form of unwelcome activity of a sexual nature imposed by one
person (or more) – this could be a partner, friend, acquaintance or stranger – on another
without consent, including:
a) oral contact (kissing), groping, touching, oral sex, vaginal or anal penetration, and/or
other forms of penetration
b) sexual contact that is forced, manipulated, or coerced
c) non-consensual physical contact of a sexual nature
d) the use of alcohol and/or drugs by a person to control, overpower or subdue a
person for purposes of sexual assault
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Sexual Exploitation
Sexual abuse of a person through the exchange of sex or sexual
actions for food, drugs, shelter, grades, or other benefits. Generally, this would include a
person in a position of power or trust taking advantage of another person.
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Sexual Harassment
A course of unwanted remarks, behaviours, or communications of a
sexual nature where the person responsible for the remarks, behaviours, or
communications knows or ought reasonably to know that these are unwanted. It
includes, but is not limited to:
a) sexual solicitations, advances, remarks, suggestive comments, and gestures
(including songs and chants)
b) the inappropriate display of sexually suggestive pictures, posters, objects, or graffiti
c) non-consensual distribution of sexually explicit pictures or video with the intent to
distress the person in the picture or video
d) sexually aggressive comments and slurs on any form of social media
e) sexual conduct that interferes with an individual’s dignity or privacy, such as
voyeurism, exhibitionism, and indecent exposure.
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Stalking
A form of criminal harassment involving behaviour that occurs on more than one occasion and which collectively instills fear in a person or threaten a person’s safety or mental health. Refer to Sexual Violence and Misconduct Policy for complete definition
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Technology facilitated Sexual Violence
Technology-facilitated sexualized violence refers to a spectrum of activities and behaviours that involve technology as a central aspect of perpetuating sexualized violence, abuse, or harassment, including but not limited to social media and messaging platforms, digital cameras, and dating apps.
Activities that fall under the umbrella of technology-facilitated sexualized violence include the following:
- Doxing (sharing personal information online without consent and with the intent to harm)
- Swatting (making false reports so that police or emergency services are sent to someone’s home)
- Hate speech
- Threats and intimidation
- Trolling
- Voyeurism
- Impersonation
- Spying and monitoring through account hacking or interception of private communications
- Online mobbing
- Sexual exploitation resulting from online luring
- Defamation
- Non-consensual distribution of intimate images
- Image-based abuse, including both deep fakes and shallow fakes
- Sexual harassment
- Use of a digital platform/device to coerce a victim into an unwanted sexual act
- Sextortion
- Stalking/cyberstalking
- Sharing live streams, videos, or images of sexual assaults
This list of behaviours is not exhaustive and deliberately extends beyond the scope of how technology-facilitated sexualized violence is defined in current academic literature. (Research is currently lagging behind the lived experiences of survivors in describing the behaviours that can occur within the scope of technology-facilitated sexualized violence.)
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